Everything You Need to Know About Dengue: Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment

What is Dengue?

Dengue is a viral infection spread by mosquitoes. It is common in tropical and subtropical areas. Many people call it “breakbone fever” because it can cause severe pain. The disease can affect anyone, but it is more common in places with warm, humid weather. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), millions of cases occur each year. Early detection and care are important for a quick recovery.

Common Symptoms of Dengue

Dengue symptoms usually appear four to ten days after a mosquito bite. Not everyone has the same signs. However, most people notice symptoms such as:

  • High fever (often sudden and severe)
  • Severe headache, especially behind the eyes
  • Joint and muscle pain
  • Nausea or vomiting
  • Skin rash, which may appear a few days after the fever starts
  • Mild bleeding, such as nosebleeds or gum bleeding
  • Sometimes, symptoms can become severe. For example, some people may develop trouble breathing or severe stomach pain. If this happens, seek medical help right away.

    Causes and How Dengue Spreads

    Dengue is caused by the dengue virus. There are four types of this virus. The main way it spreads is through the bite of an infected Aedes mosquito. These mosquitoes are active during the day, especially early morning and late afternoon. They breed in standing water, such as buckets, flower pots, or old tires. Importantly, Dengue does not spread directly from person to person. However, if a mosquito bites an infected person, it can carry the virus and infect others.

    Diagnosis of Dengue

    Doctors diagnose Dengue by looking at your symptoms and recent travel history. They may also ask if you have been in areas where Dengue is common. To confirm the diagnosis, your doctor may order blood tests. These tests check for the virus or signs of infection in your blood. Early diagnosis helps prevent complications and guides the right treatment.

    Treatment Options for Dengue

    There is no specific medicine to cure Dengue. However, most people recover with proper care at home. Treatment focuses on relieving symptoms and preventing dehydration. Doctors often recommend:

  • Plenty of fluids, such as water, juice, or soup
  • Rest to help your body heal
  • Pain relievers like acetaminophen (paracetamol) for fever and pain
  • Do not take aspirin or ibuprofen, as these can increase bleeding risk. In severe cases, hospital care may be needed. For example, some people may need fluids through a vein or close monitoring.

    Prevention Tips for Dengue

    Preventing mosquito bites is the best way to avoid Dengue. Here are some simple tips:

  • Use mosquito repellents on exposed skin
  • Wear long-sleeved shirts and pants, especially outdoors
  • Sleep under mosquito nets, even during the day
  • Keep windows and doors closed or use screens
  • Remove standing water from around your home
  • Change water in flower vases and pet dishes often
  • In some countries, health officials spray insecticides to control mosquitoes. However, personal protection is still important. If you live in or travel to high-risk areas, stay alert and follow these steps.

    Lifestyle Guidance During Recovery

    After Dengue, your body needs time to heal. Even though you may feel better, it is important to rest. Here are some helpful tips:

  • Drink extra fluids to stay hydrated
  • Eat light, healthy meals
  • Avoid heavy exercise until you regain strength
  • Monitor for any new or worsening symptoms
  • Additionally, keep in touch with your doctor during recovery. This helps catch any problems early.

    When to Seek Medical Help

    Most people recover from Dengue at home. However, some signs mean you need urgent care. Seek medical help if you notice:

  • Severe stomach pain or vomiting
  • Bleeding from nose, gums, or in vomit
  • Difficulty breathing
  • Extreme tiredness or confusion
  • Cold or clammy skin
  • These could be signs of severe Dengue, which needs hospital care right away.

    In summary, Dengue can be serious, but early care and prevention help protect you and your family. Consult a healthcare professional for personalized advice on Dengue.